Boat and Vessel Maintenance Guide
Spare Parts and Preventive Maintenance Can Save a Weekend Getaway
Nothing can ruin a boating weekend more quickly than a mechanical failure. Equipment breakdowns constitute a huge percentage of calls made to the Coast Guard by boaters for help. In Canada, these calls comprise more than half the calls received by the Coast Guard. A disappointing fact is than many calls for emergency assistance are prompted by a lack of fuel.
Fuel management is certainly one important skill required of a safe boat skipper. A good approach is the one-third rule. Plan for one-third of available fuel to be used on the outboard portion of a trip, one-third for the return leg, and have one-third of the overall fuel supply held in reserve for unforeseen changes in weather or enroute emergencies.
Unintended breakdowns are a hassle and can ruin an otherwise perfect getaway. Boaters need to also remember a mechanical failure can put boaters at severe risk. Tide, wind, and current can quickly drive a disabled boat ashore and this can prove to be very dangerous. The opposite is true as well, weather can push a vessel far from shore and potential rescue.
Be Acquainted with the Vessel
Preventive maintenance, fuel management, and good vessel care can prevent most mechanical failures. Prudent boaters will take time to learn about their vessel and utilize a good maintenance program. Help is usually available from marine dealerships, marina mechanics, and knowledgeable boaters. Many community colleges offer great courses on basic engine maintenance, mechanics and troubleshooting. Being prepared for mechanical failures also means carrying adequate safety gear onboard.
Spare Parts and Tools
A boat dealer or mechanic familiar with the boat can provide advice on a basic schedule of spare parts and tools that should be carried onboard. A few common items can include:
- Spark plugs and plug wrench
- Fuses matched to each amperage value required
- Fan belt
- Fuel filter, a section of fuel line, and hose clamps
- Propeller, shear or cotter pins, hub nut and hub wrench (many are available that float)
- Vinyl electrical tape
- Adjustable wrenches
- Assorted screwdrivers
- Hammer
- Locking pliers
- Digital VOM meter and test light
Many emergency repair tools can be combined with the assembly of an onboard damage control kit.
Trouble Shooting Hints
Many mechanical failures are often easy to resolve. A few suggestions include:
- Check the fuel supply and condition of fuel filter
- Many boats have a starting interlock. Check to be sure the boat is really in neutral
- Electrical connections easily corrode in the marine environment. Check battery terminals for corrosion
- Check boat fuses and circuit breakers
These are only a few suggestions for preventing an unnecessary mechanical breakdown. Be sure to file a float plan before every trip.
